A vision of Britain through time
A vision of Britain from 1801 to now.
Including maps, statistical trends and historical descriptions.
A vision of Britain through time
A vision of Britain from 1801 to now.
Including maps, statistical trends and historical descriptions.
This theme is concerned with who was able to find work, and the consequences
for those who could not.
The census is not the ideal source to study these questions, because it is
taken only every ten years, and we plan to add additional information from other
sources such as the records of National Insurance and the Poor Law system, and
their modern equivalents, Job Seekers Allowance and Income Support.
For now, our only non-census data here comes from the trade union-run welfare system
that laid the foundations for the National Insurance system before the 1914-18 war.
One strength of census data on unemployment is that it is relatively little affected
by the changing rules of benefit systems, although we do add numbers on government
training schemes to our figures for 1991.
For most of the twentieth century, the unemployment rate among women was of limited value.
Many women were not involved in paid work, and even those with jobs had problems claiming
benefits when they lost them.
We therefore concentrate instead on the "activity rate", which measures what proportion
of women were economically active, either in work or looking for it.
We hold these detailed statistics for Unnamed Unit, which we graph and tabulate here:
| Available datasets | Period covered | Variables (number of categories) |
|---|---|---|
| Able-bodied male paupers: reason for granting outdoor relief | 1884 to 1919 |
Able-bodied male pauper categories: Sick & Other
(2) |
| Able-bodied paupers by gender & age | 1859 to 1919 |
Pauper categories: Men, Women & Children
(3) |
| Able-bodied paupers by gender & age | 1859 to 1919 |
Pauper categories: Indoor & Outdoor
(3) |
| All persons insured against unemployment | 1927 to 1939 |
All persons covered by unemployment insurance
(1) |
| Census Unemployment by Sex | 1931 to 2011 |
Sex
(2) Census Unemployment (3) |
| Economically Active by Sex | 1921 to 2011 |
Sex
(2) Economically Active (2) |
| Total number of persons receiving welfare assistance | 1859 to 1919 |
Total receiving welfare assistance
(1) |
Read more about how we hold statistics here.