Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Merthyr Tidvil RegD/PLU	Upper Merthyr Tydfil SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	31	1
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	6	1
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	3	-
Police	14	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	4	-
Other Local or County Official	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	7	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	3	-
Army Pensioner	4	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	140	152
Clergymen (Established Church)	10	-
Roman Catholic Priest	2	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	23	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	2
Theological Student	4	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	1	-
Barrister, Solicitor	4	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	9	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	6	-
Medical Student, Assistant	2	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	3	4
Schoolmaster	33	133
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	2	3
School Service, and others connected with teaching	3	1
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	5	-
Civil Engineer	4	-
Mining Engineer	7	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	3	1
Sculptor	5	-
Architect	2	-
Musician, Music Master	5	5
Photographer	-	1
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	1
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	26	1,248
Domestic Coachman, Groom	2	-
Domestic Gardener	3	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	10	1,043
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	5	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	4	16
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	6
Charwoman	1	51
Washing and Bathing Service	-	130
Hospital and Institution Service	1	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	135	3
Merchant	1	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	11	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	4	-
Accountant	20	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	1
Commercial Traveller	13	-
Commercial Clerk	70	2
Bank Service	3	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	13	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	281	4
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	78	-
Railway Guard	18	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	2	1
Other Railway Officials and Servants	98	-
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	-	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	1	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	8	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	38	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	4	1
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	5	-
Meter, Weigher	16	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	10	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	113	16
Farmer, Grazier	16	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	5	-
Farm Bailiff	3	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	57	15
Shepherd	10	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Gardener (not domestic)	21	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	48	2
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	37	2
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	1	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	6	-
Gamekeeper	4	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	13	3
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	4	1
Bookbinder	1	-
Printer	6	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	2	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	246	2
Engine, Machine Maker	12	-
Millwright	2	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	189	1
Boiler Maker	40	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	519	6
Builder	10	-
Carpenter, Joiner	195	-
Bricklayer	12	1
Mason	227	1
Slater, Tiler	1	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	33	1
Plumber	2	-
Painter, Glazier	32	2
Cabinet Maker	3	1
Furniture Broker, Dealer	1	-
Gas Fitter	2	-
Carver, Gilder	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	24	-
Coachmaker	1	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	5	-
Wheelwright	3	-
Others	4	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	11	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	5	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	3	1
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	13	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	12	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	4	-
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	4	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	266	127
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	67	24
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	22
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	1	-
Brewer	8	2
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	2	-
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	2	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	3	14
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	29	11
Provision Curer, Dealer	3	1
Fishmonger	5	-
Baker	8	7
Confectioner, Pastrycook	3	2
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	4	22
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	124	22
Others Dealing in Food	1	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	68	20
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	30	4
Flannel Manufacture	6	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	-	1
Weaver (undefined)	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	29	15
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	155	452
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	-	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	62	1
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	399
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	30
Hosiery Manufacture	-	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	83	17
Patten, Clog Maker	2	1
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	8	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	2	2
Soap Boiler, Maker	-	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	1	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	39	4
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	3	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	3	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Sawyer	13	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	2	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	1	-
Ticket, Label Writer	14	3
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	4,589	286
Coal Miner	1,564	53
Ironstone Miner	33	-
Tin Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	29	1
Mine Service	10	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	241	1
Coal Merchant	1	-
Coalheaver	8	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	25	7
Gas Works Service	23	-
Stone Quarrier	107	3
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Limeburner	2	3
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	3	23
Well Sinker, Borer	3	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	10	56
Road Labourer	6	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	83	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	67	2
Glass Manufacture	-	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	1
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	3	-
[Iron Manufacture]	1,786	93
[Steel Manufacture]	203	5
Blacksmith	232	1
Nail Manufacture	5	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	1	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	4	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	46	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	72	32
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	10	3
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	2	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,519	79
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	17	19
Pawnbroker	8	3
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	12	12
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	23	-
Contractor (undefined)	13	-
General Labourer	1,052	33
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	298	3
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	79	3
Apprentice (undefined)	1	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	16	6
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	5	3
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	2	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	2
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	82	1,035
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	82	1,035
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	105	3,786
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	30	6
[Blank field, or illegible]	75	3,780

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)