Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Camberwell RegD/PLPar table	St George SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	276	7
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	115	7
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	112	-
Police	33	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	14	-
Other Local or County Official	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	33	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	5	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	6	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	12	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Seaman, R.N.	2	-
Navy Pensioner	6	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	450	307
Clergymen (Established Church)	6	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	6	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	12	8
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	6
Barrister, Solicitor	7	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	131	2
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	14	1
Dentist	8	-
Medical Student, Assistant	11	1
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	7	75
Schoolmaster	61	147
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	11
School Service, and others connected with teaching	9	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	16	1
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	14	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	1
Civil Engineer	12	1
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	8	-
Painter (artist)	19	1
Engraver (artist)	17	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	7	-
Musician, Music Master	26	34
Art Student	3	1
Photographer	14	4
Actor	9	6
Art, Music, Theatre Service	4	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	5	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	7	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	336	2,093
Domestic Coachman, Groom	14	-
Domestic Gardener	6	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	60	1,152
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	2	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	172	56
College, Club Service	2	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	9	1
Cook (not domestic)	26	-
Charwoman	1	193
Washing and Bathing Service	35	686
Hospital and Institution Service	4	4
Others engaged in Service	5	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	1,260	48
Merchant	3	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	52	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	13	1
Accountant	17	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	11	2
Commercial Traveller	239	3
Commercial Clerk	835	38
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	2	-
Bank Service	31	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	57	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,833	16
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	50	-
Railway Guard	19	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	6	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	216	1
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	1	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	15	3
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	195	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	455	1
Tramway Companies' Service	32	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	25	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	50	-
Pilot	1	-
Ship Steward, Cook	9	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	50	1
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	226	4
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	451	2
Telegraph, Telephone Service	30	4
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	83	19
Farmer, Grazier	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	19	6
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	-	1
Woodman	30	8
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	8	2
Gardener (not domestic)	24	2
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	118	4
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	2	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	82	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	20	-
Drover	1	-
Fisherman	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	12	3
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	1,006	204
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	37	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	5	-
Bookbinder	218	189
Printer	662	11
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	16	1
Others	5	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	54	1
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	3	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	6	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	389	20
Engine, Machine Maker	86	1
Millwright	6	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	107	-
Boiler Maker	17	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	3	2
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	7	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	7	-
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	5	1
Pin Maker	2	-
Steel Pen Maker	1	-
Domestic Implement Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	29	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	32	1
Electrical Apparatus Maker	12	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	9	2
Surgical Instrument Maker	7	5
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	7	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	20	-
Type Cutter, Founder	4	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	5	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	8	4
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	9	3
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	2,019	57
Builder	81	3
Carpenter, Joiner	552	-
Bricklayer	363	1
Mason	92	1
Slater, Tiler	17	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	136	1
Paperhanger	30	-
Plumber	81	1
Painter, Glazier	369	1
Cabinet Maker	110	18
French Polisher	27	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	16	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	12	-
Gas Fitter	50	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	25	1
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	11	-
Wood Carver	5	-
Carver, Gilder	26	-
Dealer in Works of Art	10	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	4	1
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
Artificial Flower Maker	1	25
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	155	20
Coachmaker	50	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	39	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Others	8	1
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	52	19
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	13	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	7	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	4	-
Sail Maker	2	1
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	68	13
Dye, Paint Manufacture	8	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	9	4
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	5	3
Chemist, Druggist	37	4
Manufacturing Chemist	6	1
Alkali Manufacture	-	1
Drysalter	3	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	51	31
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	47	29
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	4	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,174	134
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	56	7
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	2	13
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	21	1
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	11	-
Maltster	4	-
Brewer	38	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	31	7
Cellarman	56	1
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	18	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	74	6
Cheesemonger, Butterman	30	2
Butcher, Meat Salesman	148	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	26	5
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	-
Fishmonger	105	19
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	23	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	163	17
Confectioner, Pastrycook	52	16
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	89	10
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	10	5
Sugar Refiner	5	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	150	17
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	59	4
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	169	135
Woolstapler	3	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	4	-
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	1	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	6	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	6	5
Silk Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	-
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	1	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	2	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	3	7
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	-	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Mat Maker, Seller	6	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	2	8
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	2	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	11	8
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	15	9
Manchester Warehouseman	3	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	81	59
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	7	15
Trimming Maker, Dealer	4	12
Embroiderer	-	8
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	693	1,415
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	105	54
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	2	2
Tailor	104	79
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	25	807
Shawl Manufacture	1	-
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	47	355
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	18	36
Glover, Glove Maker	4	1
Button Maker, Dealer	3	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	335	61
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	27	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	7	6
Accoutrement Maker	8	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	6	10
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	409	88
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	6	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	6	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	7	6
Manure Manufacture	5	1
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	7	-
Comb Maker	8	-
Furrier, Skinner	56	23
Tanner, Fellmonger	44	1
Currier	159	7
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	27	9
Parchment, Vellum - Maker, Dealer	18	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	9	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	53	33
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	4	8
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	532	126
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Oil and Colourman	65	4
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	36	-
Japanner	15	2
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	8	1
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Others	5	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	32	14
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	5	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	47	9
Sawyer	42	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	11	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	21	4
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	55	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	29	2
Others	2	-
Paper Manufacture	23	12
Envelope Maker	5	20
Stationer, Law Stationer	90	16
Card, Pattern Card Maker	6	3
Paper Stainer	5	3
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	10	33
Ticket, Label Writer	5	3
Others	4	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	737	28
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Coal Merchant	13	1
Coalheaver	19	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	2	1
Gas Works Service	48	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	13	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	3	-
Limeburner	6	1
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	-	1
Well Sinker, Borer	2	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	16	2
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	58	-
Paviour	5	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Railway Contractor	4	-
Platelayer	8	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	13	-
Others	7	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	37	8
Glass Manufacture	26	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	16	2
Waterworks Service	1	-
Others	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	47	-
Gold, Silver, Beater	2	-
Lapidary	1	-
Others	8	3
[Iron Manufacture]	41	-
Blacksmith	87	-
Whitesmith	12	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	27	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	16	-
[Coppersmith]	15	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	54	1
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	13	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	7	1
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	76	2
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	2	1
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	3	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	14	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	-	2
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	5	-
Others	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,206	360
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	113	65
Pawnbroker	38	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	54	15
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	22	7
Contractor (undefined)	3	1
General Labourer	703	7
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	85	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	88	18
Apprentice (undefined)	10	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	82	8
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	8	238
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	40	1
Town Drainage Service	4	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	22	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	12	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	231	636
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	231	636
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	205	8,442
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	13	6
[Blank field, or illegible]	192	8,436

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)