Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Norfolk RegC table	Erpingham RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	46	8
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	11	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	12	4
Police	15	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	6	2
Other Local or County Official	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	30	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	3	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	3	-
Seaman, R.N.	17	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	1	-
Navy Pensioner	3	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	125	131
Clergymen (Established Church)	28	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	10	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	1	3
Barrister, Solicitor	4	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	10	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	11	-
Dentist	1	-
Subordinate Medical Service	2	34
Schoolmaster	42	70
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	22
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	-
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	1	-
Musician, Music Master	5	2
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	4	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	1	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	132	1,189
Domestic Coachman, Groom	47	-
Domestic Gardener	27	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	42	996
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	15	19
Charwoman	-	75
Washing and Bathing Service	-	98
Hospital and Institution Service	-	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	40	1
Merchant	1	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	3	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	3	-
Accountant	1	-
Commercial Traveller	2	-
Commercial Clerk	21	-
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	6	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	2	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	169	3
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	2	-
Railway Guard	1	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	1	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	27	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	3	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	21	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	48	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	4	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	41	-
Ship Steward, Cook	1	-
Boatman on Seas	2	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	3	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	13	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	-	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	2,263	61
Farmer, Grazier	227	10
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	54	-
Farm Bailiff	39	2
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	1,827	48
Shepherd	18	-
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	1	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	8	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	8	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	2	-
Gardener (not domestic)	78	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	369	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	73	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	7	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	5	-
Drover	3	-
Gamekeeper	47	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Vermin Destroyer	11	-
Fisherman	217	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	9	1
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	2	1
Printer	6	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	24	2
Engine, Machine Maker	4	-
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	7	-
Boiler Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	11	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	2
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	528	9
Builder	16	-
Carpenter, Joiner	249	2
Bricklayer	174	1
Mason	15	1
Plasterer, Whitewasher	1	-
Paperhanger	2	-
Plumber	9	-
Painter, Glazier	44	1
Cabinet Maker	11	3
French Polisher	3	1
Gas Fitter	1	-
Wood Carver	2	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	59	1
Coachmaker	20	-
Wheelwright	9	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	30	1
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	13	1
Chemist, Druggist	12	1
Manufacturing Chemist	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	1	-
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	1	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	280	53
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	38	9
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	11
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	1	1
Maltster	6	-
Brewer	19	1
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	5	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	43	3
Poulterer, Game Dealer	3	-
Fishmonger	19	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	-
Corn Miller	6	-
Baker	48	3
Confectioner, Pastrycook	3	7
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	2	2
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	74	14
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	40	38
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	13	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	27	32
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	6
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	173	351
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	1	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	3
Tailor	48	18
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	307
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	13
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	120	9
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	2	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	10	1
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	6	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	1	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	46	2
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	10	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Thatcher	4	-
Sawyer	20	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	1	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	6	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	3	1
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	276	9
Coal Merchant	5	-
Coalheaver	5	-
Gas Works Service	3	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	9	1
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	42	1
Road Labourer	1	-
Platelayer	9	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	15	-
Glass Manufacture	2	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	-	6
[Iron Manufacture]	27	-
Blacksmith	118	-
Whitesmith	5	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	25	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	6	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	3	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	314	54
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	13	25
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	27	14
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	4	-
General Labourer	209	1
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	13	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	40	11
Apprentice (undefined)	4	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	2	1
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	2	2
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	8	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	7	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	92	900
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	92	900
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	50	2,649
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	3	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	47	2,648

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)