Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Bury RegD/PLU table	Elton SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	12	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	1	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	2	-
Police	4	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	5	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	321	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	10	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	134	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	165	-
Army Pensioner	11	-
Navy Pensioner	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	45	35
Clergymen (Established Church)	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	1	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	3	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	3	-
Dentist	2	-
Medical Student, Assistant	1	-
Subordinate Medical Service	-	7
Schoolmaster	20	26
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	1
School Service, and others connected with teaching	-	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Civil Engineer	1	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Architect	2	-
Musician, Music Master	2	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	37	267
Domestic Coachman, Groom	19	-
Domestic Gardener	6	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	3	237
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	2	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	4	9
College, Club Service	2	-
Cook (not domestic)	1	-
Charwoman	-	12
Washing and Bathing Service	-	9
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	83	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	5	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	-
Commercial Traveller	5	-
Commercial Clerk	66	1
Bank Service	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	5	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	173	-
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	11	-
Railway Guard	3	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	2	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	27	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	4	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	110	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	1	-
Ship Steward, Cook	1	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	9	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	149	16
Farmer, Grazier	43	10
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	21	-
Farm Bailiff	6	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	68	5
Gardener (not domestic)	11	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	8	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	4	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	1	-
Gamekeeper	3	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	8	-
Bookbinder	1	-
Printer	4	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	2	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	120	-
Engine, Machine Maker	16	-
Millwright	9	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	34	-
Boiler Maker	7	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	42	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	6	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	3	-
Type Cutter, Founder	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	281	1
Builder	6	-
Carpenter, Joiner	81	-
Bricklayer	35	-
Mason	68	-
Slater, Tiler	9	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	8	-
Plumber	15	-
Painter, Glazier	47	-
Cabinet Maker	9	-
French Polisher	1	1
Gas Fitter	1	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	45	-
Coachmaker	4	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	25	-
Wheelwright	11	-
Others	2	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	3	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	21	1
Dye, Paint Manufacture	5	-
Chemist, Druggist	3	1
Manufacturing Chemist	11	-
Alkali Manufacture	1	-
Drysalter	1	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	134	25
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	19	5
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	2
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	1	-
Brewer	4	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	13	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	23	2
Provision Curer, Dealer	9	2
Fishmonger	4	-
Baker	6	1
Confectioner, Pastrycook	6	3
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	11	-
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	33	9
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	4	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	1,111	1,748
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	66	81
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	2	1
Blanket Manufacture	-	2
Fuller	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	-	3
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	816	1,558
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	125	19
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	8	-
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	20	28
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Weaver (undefined)	1	6
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	52	25
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	5	5
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	10	5
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	1
Embroiderer	-	1
Others	2	13
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	80	101
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	25	21
Tailor	9	3
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	70
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	6
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	14	-
Patten, Clog Maker	28	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	3	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	8	-
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	1	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	2	-
Currier	1	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	2	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	136	51
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	3	-
Sawyer	8	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	4	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	2	-
Paper Manufacture	114	51
Stationer, Law Stationer	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	552	4
Coal Miner	160	1
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	6	1
Coalheaver	11	-
Gas Works Service	39	1
Stone Quarrier	8	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	32	-
Paviour	6	-
Road Labourer	1	-
Platelayer	7	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	9	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	180	1
Blacksmith	58	-
Whitesmith	1	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	1	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	1	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	1	-
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	7	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	1	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	6	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	6	-
Others	2	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	432	19
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	6	6
Pawnbroker	1	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	7	1
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	3	-
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	298	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	64	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	33	3
Factory Labourer (undefined)	14	6
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	3	1
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	6	-
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	1	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	18	267
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	18	267
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	19	1,430
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	4	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	15	1,429

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)