Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Stockton RegD table	Stockton SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	140	6
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	29	1
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	21	-
Police	58	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	22	5
Other Local or County Official	9	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	13	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	1	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	5	-
Seaman, R.N.	2	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	314	234
Clergymen (Established Church)	15	-
Roman Catholic Priest	5	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	16	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	2
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	3	1
Barrister, Solicitor	18	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	48	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	20	1
Dentist	5	-
Medical Student, Assistant	7	-
Subordinate Medical Service	8	19
Schoolmaster	60	159
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	26
School Service, and others connected with teaching	4	4
Author, Editor, Journalist	3	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	3	-
Civil Engineer	15	-
Mining Engineer	5	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	8	-
Painter (artist)	5	-
Engraver (artist)	3	-
Architect	7	-
Musician, Music Master	14	11
Art Student	1	1
Photographer	9	3
Actor	8	6
Art, Music, Theatre Service	4	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	2	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	8	1
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	186	2,024
Domestic Coachman, Groom	39	-
Domestic Gardener	50	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	47	1,831
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	3	2
Inn, Hotel Servant	31	43
College, Club Service	5	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	3	7
Cook (not domestic)	1	2
Charwoman	1	52
Washing and Bathing Service	4	83
Hospital and Institution Service	2	4
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	561	8
Merchant	9	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	21	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	19	-
Accountant	31	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	4	2
Commercial Traveller	92	-
Commercial Clerk	334	4
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	23	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	27	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	724	10
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	48	-
Railway Guard	40	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	6	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	216	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	11	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	28	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	60	-
Tramway Companies' Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	8	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	3	1
Seaman (Merchant Service)	167	1
Pilot	2	-
Ship Steward, Cook	2	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	17	1
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	38	6
Meter, Weigher	6	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	67	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	4	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	751	49
Farmer, Grazier	160	6
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	79	-
Farm Bailiff	20	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	387	35
Shepherd	2	-
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	10	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	3	-
Woodman	6	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	6	1
Gardener (not domestic)	78	7
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	96	2
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	3	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	53	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	8	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	8	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	8	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	1
Fisherman	14	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	83	16
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	12	4
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	-	2
Bookbinder	14	5
Printer	50	4
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	3	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	4	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	1,227	4
Engine, Machine Maker	129	1
Millwright	26	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	625	2
Boiler Maker	389	1
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	6	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
File Maker	9	-
Saw Maker	1	-
[Others]	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	29	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	1	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	4	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,247	15
Builder	61	1
Carpenter, Joiner	382	-
Bricklayer	314	-
Mason	67	1
Slater, Tiler	16	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	24	-
Paperhanger	1	-
Plumber	82	1
Painter, Glazier	164	2
Cabinet Maker	89	8
French Polisher	10	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	2	-
Gas Fitter	15	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Wood Carver	1	-
Carver, Gilder	8	2
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	61	-
Coachmaker	28	-
Wheelwright	7	-
Others	13	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	13	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	450	2
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	355	1
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	71	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	5	1
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	11	-
Sail Maker	8	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	51	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	3	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	32	2
Manufacturing Chemist	12	-
Drysalter	3	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	19	8
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	17	8
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	2	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	883	159
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	122	27
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	5	60
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	5	3
Maltster	6	-
Brewer	17	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	6	3
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	13	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	16	6
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	149	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	22	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	5	1
Fishmonger	21	-
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	12	-
Corn Miller	27	-
Baker	22	-
Confectioner, Pastrycook	46	11
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	53	5
Sugar Refiner	3	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	301	36
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	27	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	163	45
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	5	4
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	2
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Mat Maker, Seller	2	-
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	6	6
Weaver (undefined)	1	3
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	5	2
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	3
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	-	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	134	20
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	4
Others	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	377	695
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	9	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	1	3
Tailor	160	13
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	624
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	30
Hosiery Manufacture	1	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	7	9
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	148	9
Patten, Clog Maker	2	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	44	3
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	4	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	63	6
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	8	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	22	-
Currier	8	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	23	6
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	130	21
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	4	2
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	6	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	33	1
Sawyer	26	1
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	5	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	9	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	14	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Paper Manufacture	5	2
Stationer, Law Stationer	12	4
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	11
Others	4	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	4,719	58
Coal Miner	9	-
Ironstone Miner	14	-
Lead Miner	3	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	7	1
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	24	1
Coalheaver	10	-
Gas Works Service	31	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	2	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	5	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	87	3
Paviour	3	-
Road Labourer	12	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	89	1
Railway Labourer, Navvy	36	-
Others	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	109	36
Glass Manufacture	2	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	5	4
Waterworks Service	6	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	15	-
[Iron Manufacture]	3,515	8
[Steel Manufacture]	2	-
Blacksmith	446	-
Whitesmith	20	-
Nail Manufacture	3	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	3	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	37	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	4	-
[Coppersmith]	19	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	28	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	22	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	106	1
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	2	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	3	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	6	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	27	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	2,817	54
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	34	18
Pawnbroker	14	4
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	28	7
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	31	-
Contractor (undefined)	17	-
General Labourer	1,966	11
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	255	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	408	12
Apprentice (undefined)	18	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	42	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	4	2
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	11	3
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	4	2
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	4	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	3	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	201	1,755
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	201	1,755
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	291	8,075
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	7	-
[Blank field, or illegible]	284	8,075

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)