Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 18 : " Occupations of Females aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Kent RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Females	149,715
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	120
(1) Officers of National Government	46
Post Office	45
Others	1
(2) Officers of Local Government	74
Prison Officer	15
Union and Parish Officer	58
Others	1
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	2,384
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	33
(a) Religious Teachers	3
(b) Pew Opener	23
Other Church Officers	7
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	0
Law Stationer, &c.	0
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	20
Druggist	2
Midwife	15
Other Dealers in Drugs	3
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	7
In Literature	7
(5) Artists	11
Artist, Painter	8
Engaged in Fine Arts	0
Others	3
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	100
(6} Musician	31
Music-mistress	69
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	11
Actress	7
In Theatres, Exhibitions	4
(8) Teachers	2,201
Schoolmistress	1,196
Teacher of Languages	21
General Teacher	200
Governess	782
Other Teachers	2
(9) Scientific Persons	1
Scientific Person	1
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	91,096
(1) Wives	75,687
Wives (not oth. des.)	75,687
(2) Widows	6,606
Widows (not oth. des.)	6,606
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	8,767
Children and Relatives	8,767
(4) Scholars (so described)	36
Scholars (so described)	36
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	22,928
(1) In Board and Lodging	3,497
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	110
Innkeeper’s "Wife"	343
Publican	223
Beerseller	129
Publican’s "Wife"	1,413
Lodging-house Keeper	1,039
Lodg.-ho. Kpr.'s "Wife"	151
Coffee-house Keeper	23
Officer of Institution	23
Others	43
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	19,431
Domst. Serv. (General)	8,840
Housekeeper	1,890
Cook	2,643
Housemaid	2,039
Nurse	1,215
Laundrymaid	124
Inn Servant	252
Hospital Nurse, &c.	66
Nurse (not Domst. Servt.)	709
Charwoman	1,630
Others	23
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	367
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	63
In Mercantile Pursuits	63
(2) Other General Dealers	304
Pawnbroker	15
Gen. Dlr., Costermonger	47
Shopkeeper	105
Shopkeeper’s "Wife"	5
Hawker and Pedlar	81
Other General Dealers	51
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	85
(1) Carriers on Railways	9
Railway Attendants	9
(2) Carriers on Roads	54
Toll Collector	44
Coach, Omn. Cab, Ownr.	3
Carrier, Carter	6
Others	1
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	2
On Canals and Rivers	2
Boat, Barge,--Woman	0
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	14
In Sea Navigation	0
Shipowner	4
Others	10
(5) Engaged in Storage	0
Warehouse Woman	0
Others in Storage	0
(6) Messengers and Porters	6
Mess., Port., Errand Girl	6
Others	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	6,171
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	6,132
Land Proprietor	462
Farmer, Grazier	358
Farmer’s "Wife"	3,344
Farmer’s "Dau.," "Grd.-dau.," "Str.," "Niece"	1,378
Agricultural Labourer.	452
Farm Servant (in-door)	130
Others in Agriculture	8
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	39
Gardener	37
Others in Horticulture	2
9. Persons engaged about Animals	7
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	7
Fisherwoman	4
Others	3
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	1,052
(1) In Books	53
Bookseller, Publisher	29
Bookbinder	9
Printer	3
Others in Publications	12
(2) In Musical Instrument	1
In Musical Instruments	1
(3) In Prints and Pictures	0
In Maps, Pictures	0
(4) In Carving and Figures	9
In Carving and Figures	0
Artificial Flower-maker	6
Others	3
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	32
Toy Maker, Dealer	31
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	0
Pattern Designer	0
Eng. about Medals, &c.	0
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	4
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	4
Mkr., Dlr., in Phil. Insts.	0
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrumt. Mak.	0
(9) In Arms	11
In manuf. of Arms	11
(10) In Machines	3
Needle Manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Steel Pen Maker	0
File-maker	0
Cutler	1
Others	2
(11) In Carriages	4
Carriage-maker	4
Coachmaker	0
(12) In Harness	6
Saddler, Harness-maker	6
Whip-maker	0
(13) In Ships	2
Ship, Boat,--Builder	2
(14) In Houses and Buildings	807
House Proprietor	778
Painter, Plumber, Glazr.	8
Others	21
(15) In Furniture	105
Cabinet-maker, Uphol.	78
Chair-maker	7
Furniture Broker	16
Others	4
(16) In Implements	2
Implement Maker	2
(17) In Chemicals	13
Dyer, Calenderer	10
Others	3
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	14,522
(1) In Wool and Worsted	52
Knitter	4
Woollen Cloth manuf.	4
Clothier	2
Worsted manufacture	1
Stuff manufacture	0
Berlin Wool,--Dlr., Wkr.	40
Flannel manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	0
Others	1
(2) In Silk	15
Silk manufacture	7
Ribbon manufacture	2
Fancy Goods (Silk)	0
Others	6
(3) In Cotton and Flax	43
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	1
Thread manufacture	0
Tape manuf., Dealer	0
Lace manufacture	16
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Muslin Embroiderer	2
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	17
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	5
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	293
Weaver (undefined)	2
Draper, Mercer	280
Trimming-maker	0
Embroiderer	7
Others	4
(5) In Dress	14,099
Hatter, Hat manuf.	2
Straw Plait manuf.	5
Straw Hat, Bonnet, Mak.	79
Bonnet-maker	58
Cap-maker	6
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	9
Tailor	302
Clothes Dealer, Outfitter	26
Button-maker	1
Milliner, Dressmaker	5,028
Shirtmaker, Seamstress	1,360
Stay-maker	129
Fancy Worker	9
Hose, Stocking,--manuf.	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	23
Glover, Leather, &c.	39
Glove Knitter	1
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	489
Shoemaker's "Wife"	1,999
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	8
Laundress	4,509
Others	14
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	20
Mat Maker, Seller	7
Hemp manufacture	0
Rope, Cord,--Maker	4
Net-maker	4
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Other Workers in Hemp	5
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,963
(1) In Animal Food	969
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	58
Cheesemonger	1
Butcher	74
Butcher’s "Wife"	780
Provision Curer, Dealer	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	15
Fishmonger	36
Others	3
(2) In Vegetable Food	515
Miller	12
Flour Dealer, Agent	2
Baker	159
Confectioner	95
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	232
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	5
Others	10
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	479
Brewer, &c.	8
Wine Merchant	7
Grocer, Tea Dealer	433
Tobo ,Cig.,Snuff, manuf.	1
Tobacconist	25
Others	5
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	15
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	8
Tallow-chandler	5
Comb-maker	0
Others	3
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	5
Currier	3
Others	2
(3) In Hair	2
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	2
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	1,145
(1) In Gums and Resins	0
French-polisher	0
Japanner	0
In Gums and Resins	0
Others	0
(2) In Wood	9
Wood Dealer	5
Box-maker	0
Others	4
(3) In Bark	3
Workers, Dlrs., in Bark	3
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	13
Basket-maker	12
Others	1
(5) In Paper	1,120
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	3
Paper manufacture	1,067
Stationer (not Law)	44
Envelope-maker	4
Paper-box Maker	0
Paper-stainer	0
Other Workers in Paper	2
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	119
(1) In Mining	0
In Minerals	0
(2) In Coal	20
Coal Merchant, Dealer	12
Coal Labourer	0
Others	8
(3) In Stone, Clay	25
Brick Maker, Dealer	18
Others	7
(4) In Earthenware	30
Earthenware manuf.	0
Tobacco-pipe Maker	2
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	27
Others	1
(5) In Glass	1
Glass manufacture	1
Others	0
(6) In Salt	0
Salt Makers and Dealers	0
(7) In Water	2
Water Provider	2
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	4
In Gold, Silver, &c.	0
Goldsmith, Jeweller	3
Others	1
(9) In Copper	1
Workers, Dlrs., in Copper	1
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	1
Tin manufacture	0
Others	1
(11) In Zinc	0
In Zinc	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
In Lead	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	1
Pin manufacture	0
Lacquerer	0
Others	0
In Brass	1
(14) In Iron and Steel	34
Iron manufacture	0
Blacksmith	23
Nail manufacture	0
Anchor, Chain, Smith	0
Ironmonger	9
Screw Cutter, Maker	0
In Iron and Steel	2
Others	0
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	124
(1) General Labourers	30
Labourer	30
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	94
Shopwoman, Assistant	42
Others of indef. occupn.	52
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	3,197
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	3,197
Gentlewoman	914
Annuitant	2,283
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	1,701
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	1,639
Dependent on relatives	51
Almsperson, no. stat. occ.	362
Pauper, no stated occ.	1,003
Lunatic, no stated occ.	197
Others	26
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	7
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
Others of Criminal Class	7
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	55
Vagrant, Beggar	54
Gipsy	1
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	2,719
Visitor, no stated occ.	990
Others of no stated occupation or condition.	1,729

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.