Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show West Riding RegC table	Leeds RegD/PLU/PLPar/PLPar

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	31,119
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	260
(1) Officers of National Government	74
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	4
Post Office	42
Inland Revenue	27
Customs	1
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	0
(2) Officers of Local Government	182
Magistrate	3
Police	134
Prison Officer	1
Union and Parish Officer	30
Officer of Local Board	4
Other Local Officers	10
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	4
E. India and Col. Service	4
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	358
(1) Army	349
Army Officer	17
Army Half-pay Officer	3
Soldier	225
Chelsea Pensioner	88
Militia	16
Others	0
(2) Navy	9
Navy Officer	0
Navy Half-pay Officer	0
Seaman, R.N.	2
Royal Marine	2
Greenwich Pensioner	5
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	911
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	103
Clergyman	37
Protestant Minister	27
Roman Catholic Priest	7
Other Relig. Teachers	14
Parish Clerk	1
Other Church Officers	17
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	189
Barrister	6
Solicitor	55
Law Student	0
Other Lawyers	3
Officers of Law Court	20
Law Clerk	101
Law Stationer	4
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	266
Physician	9
Surgeon, Apothecary	53
Medical Student, Assist.	22
Dentist	20
Druggist	150
Others	12
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	12
Author, Editor, Writer	9
Ors. eng. in Literature	3
(5) Artists	71
Artist, Painter	25
Sculptor	3
Engraver	32
Photographic Artist	11
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	104
Musician	69
Music-master	35
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	34
Actor	22
In Theatres, Exhibitions	12
(8) Teachers	105
Schoolmaster	67
Teacher of Languages	10
Profes. of Mathematics	1
Teacher (General)	13
Teacher of Dancing	5
Other Teachers	9
(9) Scientific Persons	27
Civil Engineer	20
Other Scientific Persons	7
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	20
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	11
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	11
(4) Scholars (so described)	9
Scholar (so described)	9
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	634
(1) In Board and Lodging	427
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	134
Publican	146
Beerseller	78
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	27
Coffee-house Keeper	19
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	1
Others--Boarding, &c.	22
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	207
Domst. Serv. (General)	74
Coachman	9
Groom	20
Gardener	11
Inn Servant	90
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	0
Others	3
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	1,307
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	911
Merchant	159
Banker	9
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	39
Stock Broker, &c.	17
Ship Broker, Agent	5
Broker	8
Agent, Factor	84
Coal, Colliery Agent	31
Iron Merchant, Agent	9
Salesman	14
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	22
Accountant	37
Commercial Clerk	270
Commercial Traveller	197
Other Mercantile Men	10
(2) Other General Dealers	396
Pawnbroker	42
Marine-store Dealer	1
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	91
Shopkeeper	69
Hawker, Pedlar	193
Other General Dealers	0
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,702
(1) Carriers on Railways	410
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	58
Railway Official	103
Railway Servant	248
Railway Police	0
Ors. eng. in	1
(2) Carriers on Roads	738
Toll Collector	11
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	26
Livery Staple Keeper	8
Coachman (not domstc.)	103
Cabman, Flyman	48
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	542
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	194
Canal and River Service	11
Bargeman, Waterman	183
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	47
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	32
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	10
Wharfinger	1
Others	4
(5) Engaged in Storage	157
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	156
Others in Storage	1
(6) Messengers and Porters	156
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	144
Telegraph Service	10
Others in Messages	2
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	854
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	685
Land Proprietor	24
Farmer, Grazier	55
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	5
Farm Bailiff	1
Agricultural Labourer	560
Shepherd (out-door)	2
Farm Servant (in-door)	6
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	30
Others in Agriculture	2
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	5
Woodman	5
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	164
Gardener	163
Nurseryman	1
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	233
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	233
Horse Dealer	26
Horsebreaker	6
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	152
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	17
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	13
Drover	10
Pig Merchant, Dealer	5
Gamekeeper	0
Vermin Destroyer	0
Fisherman	1
Others about Animals	3
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	6,335
(1) In Books	368
Bookseller, Publisher	72
Bookbinder	45
Printer	205
Newspaper Agent	34
Others in Publications	12
(2) In Musical Instrument	34
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	21
Others	13
(3) In Prints and Pictures	43
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	30
Others	13
(4) In Carving and Figures	56
Wood-carver	28
Others	28
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	18
Toy Maker, Dealer	17
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	9
Pattern Designer	3
Others	6
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	89
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	70
Optician	13
Weight or Measure Mkr.	3
Others	3
(8) In Surgical Instruments	3
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	3
Others	0
(9) In Arms	5
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	5
Others	0
(10) In Machines	1,221
Eng. and Mach. Maker	960
Spindle-maker	24
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	4
Tool Maker, Dealer	68
File-maker	24
Saw Smith, Maker	7
Cutler	18
Blade Maker, Forger	1
Knife-maker	1
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	114
(11) In Carriages	119
Coachmaker	115
Others	4
(12) In Harness	81
Saddler, Harness-maker	64
Whip-maker	17
(13) In Ships	28
Shipbldr., Shipwright	19
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	1
Sailmaker	8
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	3,170
House Proprietor	59
House Agent	16
Architect	32
Surveyor	2
Builder	64
Carpenter, Joiner	877
Bricklayer	830
Marble Mason	44
Mason, Pavior	462
Slater, Tiler	37
Plasterer	117
Paperhanger	26
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	599
Others	5
(15) In Furniture	543
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	409
Undertaker	7
Chair-maker	11
Picture-frame Maker	7
Carver, Gilder	52
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	10
Furniture Broker	32
Others	15
(16) In Implements	190
Wheelwright	94
Millwright	87
Other Implement Mkrs.	9
(17) In Chemicals	358
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	97
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	5
Dyer, Calenderer	213
Others	43
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	8,733
(1) In Wool and Worsted	4,358
Woolstapler	30
Felt manufacture	18
Woollen Cloth manuf.	3,313
Clothier	45
Fuller	7
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	185
Worsted manufacture	102
Stuff manufacture	386
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	2
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	103
Others	167
(2) In Silk	128
Silk manufacture	108
Silk Dyer, Printer	13
Silk Mercer	4
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	2
(3) In Cotton and Flax	880
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	804
Thread manufacture	9
Lace manufacture	1
Cotton manufacture	23
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	2
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	4
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	7
Others	30
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	345
Packer and Presser	8
Weaver (undefined)	13
Manchester Warehmn.	0
Draper, Mercer	314
Others	10
(5) In Dress	2,911
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	93
Hatter, Hat manuf.	37
Straw Plait manuf.	2
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	4
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	7
Tailor	951
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	54
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	46
Glover, Leather, &c.	1
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	1,599
Patten, Clog,--Maker	46
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	12
Others providing Dress	58
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	111
Mat Maker, Seller	4
Rope, Cord,--Maker	43
Canvas Maker, Dealer	33
Sailcloth manufacture	1
Others	30
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	2,283
(1) In Animal Food	857
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	97
Cheesemonger	19
Butcher, Meat Salesman	437
Provision Curer, Dealer	185
Poulterer, Game Dealer	18
Fishmonger	77
Others	24
(2) In Vegetable Food	545
Corn Merchant, Dealer	93
Miller	82
Flour Dealer, Agent	25
Baker	82
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	72
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	124
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	9
Potato Merchant	38
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	12
Sugar Refiner	1
Others	7
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	881
Maltster	82
Brewer, &c.	184
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	60
Distiller, Rectifier	2
Cellarman	6
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	17
Grocer, Tea Dealer	350
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	36
Tobacconist	98
Others	46
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	930
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	71
Soap-boiler	16
Tallow-chandler	23
Comb-maker	12
Others	20
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	706
Fellmonger	11
Skinner	87
Tanner	160
Currier	426
Others	22
(3) In Hair	153
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	7
Brush, Broom,--Maker	146
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	846
(1) In Gums and Resins	113
Oil Miller, Refiner	77
Oil and Colourman	11
French-polisher	16
Japanner	2
Others	7
(2) In Wood	415
Timber Merch., Dealer	44
Wood Dealer	16
Sawyer	146
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	5
Turner	91
Box-maker	0
Cooper	92
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	21
(3) In Bark	18
Cork Cutter, manuf.	17
Others Workers in Bark	1
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	76
Basket-maker	43
Hay and Straw Dealer	33
Thatcher	0
Others	0
(5) In Paper	224
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	72
Paper manufacture	32
Stationer (not Law)	27
Paper-stainer	72
Others Workers in Paper	21
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	3,847
(1) In Mining	697
Coal-miner	652
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	22
Others	23
(2) In Coal	328
Coal Merchant, Dealer	57
Coalheaver, Labourer	79
Coke Burner, Dealer	3
Chimney Sweeper	58
Gas Works Service	131
Other Workers in Coal	0
(3) In Stone, Clay	523
Stone Quarrier	95
Stone Cutter, Polisher	29
Slate Quarrier	5
Limestone Quar., Burner	0
Clay Labourer	3
Brick Maker, Dealer	168
Railway Labourer	46
Platelayer	11
Excavator, Navvy	71
Road Contractor, &c.	1
Road Labourer	43
Scavenger	29
Dust Collector	3
Others	19
(4) In Earthenware	162
Earthenware manuf.	80
Tobacco-pipe Makers	46
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	33
Others	3
(5) In Glass	24
Glass manufacture	22
Other Workers in Glass	2
(6) In Salt	10
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	10
(7) In Water	25
Waterworks Service	12
Others	13
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	52
Goldsmith, Jeweller	42
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	10
(9) In Copper	16
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	16
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	101
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	55
Tinplate Worker	46
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	4
Lead manufacture	4
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	129
Brass Founder, manuf.	84
Brazier	1
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4
Gasfitter	8
Wire Maker, Drawer	2
Wire Worker, Weaver	27
Others	3
(14) In Iron and Steel	1,776
Iron manufacture	944
Whitesmith	198
Blacksmith	364
Nail manufacture	87
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	3
Boiler-maker	62
Ironmonger	47
Hardwareman, Dealer	17
Steel manufacture	1
Grinder (branch undef.)	13
Others	40
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	1,555
(1) General Labourers	1,194
Labourer	1,194
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	361
Mechanic	218
Shopman	3
Apprentice	0
Others of indef. occu.	140
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	56
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	56
Gentleman	36
Annuitant	20
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	43
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	41
Dependent on Relatives	10
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	0
Pauper, no stated occ.	10
Lunatic, no stated occ.	0
Others	21
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	2
Vagrant, Beggar	1
Gipsy	1
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	212
Visitor, no stated occ.	4
Others of no stated occupation or condition	208

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.